Impacto de los campos magnéticos generados por líneas de transmisión eléctrica en zonas urbanas vulnerables: Caso de estudio en Ciudad Juárez

Francisco Castañeda Fierro; Gerardo López Fierro; Miriam Magdalena González Muñoz; José Mario Camarillo Delgadillo; Jorge Alan Carmona Gamez

doi:10.61273/neyart.v3i5.129

Authors

Francisco Castañeda Fierro National Technological Institute of Mexico
Gerardo López Fierro National Technological Institute of Mexico
Miriam Magdalena González Muñoz National Technological Institute of Mexico
José Mario Camarillo Delgadillo National Technological Institute of Mexico
Jorge Alan Carmona Gamez National Technological Institute of Mexico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61273/neyart.v3i5.129

Keywords:

Magnetic fields, transmission lines, public health, Ciudad Juárez, EFC-400, MATLAB, ICNIRP

Abstract

This study analyzes exposure to low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields generated by high-voltage (115–230 kV) power transmission lines in the Fronteriza neighborhood of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. The research was developed due to concerns about the non-compliance with minimum safety parameters in high-density, marginalized urban areas, where homes are located directly under the transmission infrastructure. In situ measurements were made using EMF devices (AS1392 and EMF01), complemented by digital simulations using EFC-400 and MATLAB software to model and estimate magnetic flux density. The results obtained were compared with the maximum exposure limits established by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP, 2010). In addition, structured surveys were conducted among residents of the area to identify correlations between chronic exposure to electromagnetic fields and potential health effects, such as headaches, insomnia, reproductive problems, and cancer. The analysis revealed that certain measured values exceed the recommended thresholds, which represents a potential risk for the exposed population. Optimizing the electromechanical design of the towers, implementing passive loops, and relocating structures according to the CFE's technical right-of-way regulations (2022). Are some recommended Mitigation measures.

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