Journalism and generative artificial intelligence: replacement or collaboration? the experience of journalists in the state of pueblo

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the level of knowledge and adoption of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) tools among journalists who are members of the Association of Journalists, Photojournalists, and Communicators of Puebla (ASPEC), located in the state of Puebla, Mexico, in relation to their journalistic work. To achieve this, a 22-item multiple-choice questionnaire was designed and validated using the Delphi method, resulting in a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.95.

The survey was administered to 76 members, taking into account variables such as highest level of education, the media outlet where they work, their knowledge of GAI tools, the frequency with which they use them, and the specific activities within their journalistic practice where they are most frequently applied. Additionally, the survey explored their perspectives on the future of this technology and the ethical implications involved in the practice of journalism.

The results show that over 50% of respondents are familiar with and use GAI tools in their journalistic activities; however, all of them face challenges such as lack of training and ethical dilemmas associated with their use. It was also observed that while GAI is not perceived as a replacement for journalists, many consider it a threat to job stability due to the risk of job displacement with its widespread implementation, as well as concerns about excessive reliance on these digital tools. Despite these concerns, communicators in Puebla, Mexico, do not view GAI as an adversary, but rather as an ally in their professional practice. Its use contributes to greater operational efficiency and time optimization, which can have a positive impact on the quality and productivity of journalistic work.